A view inside a cosmic black hole and the mechanism that creates a closed space.
2022/09/24 S.Asada Corrections and additions are made at any time
It assumes that our cosmic space is a falling process within the Schwarzschild radius of a huge cosmic black hole in the outer space, which is an unobservable region for us.
This reasoning applies when the light arrival time is so short that it can be ignored. For scales such as 10 billion years one way, see " 4. Considerations on optical paths".
2. Illustrated details of how a closed space inside a cosmic black hole is created
1-1.
When an observer observes a star, if the star's mass is not very large and the bending of the light path due to gravity is negligible, the star appears to be the same size. The same is true if the distance is far enough.
1-2.
As an observer approaches a massive star, the gravitational field bends the path of light (the path of light), causing the star to appear larger than it actually is due to gravitational lensing. As explained in the figure below, stars can be seen on the straight line extension of the light that reaches the observer, so if you draw a picture, you can see that it will be greatly enlarged.
※Note: The optical path curve in the figure is not accurate. But the accuracy of the curves does not affect the conclusions of this paper. What matters is where light emitted in a certain direction ends up.
1-3.
As the observer gets closer to the massive star, the light path is bent even more and spreads out to cover the observer. In the lower image, most of the field of view will be occupied by massive stars.
※Note: The optical path curve in the figure is not accurate. But the accuracy of the curves does not affect the conclusions of this paper. What matters is where light emitted in a certain direction ends up.
1-4 .
As the observer gets closer to the massive star, the light path is bent even more, and it wraps around the observer behind the observer.
※Note: The optical path curve in the figure is not accurate. But the accuracy of the curves does not affect the conclusions of this paper. What matters is where light emitted in a certain direction ends up.
1-5.
As the observer approaches a massive star and falls past its Schwarzschild radius, the surface of the massive star completely envelops the observer, creating a closed space with no way out.
1-6.
Massive stars are not actually visible in all directions. An event horizon is formed equidistant between the massive star and the observer, completely enveloping the observer, and the observer appears to be floating in the center.
If we were to observe it as if it were floating in the center of an event horizon that was pitch black and the temperature was absolute zero, it would be the same as in our universe.
The inside-out space inverted by the cosmic black hole's enormous gravity, that is, the black hole's central nucleus covers the entire sky, and the event horizon in front of it is wrapped in a pitch-black, closed space near absolute zero that we can see. It is the universe recognized by
The distance to near the event horizon is estimated to be about 13.8 billion light years.
Our galaxy is also falling at a very high speed, so the distance to the central nucleus is shrinking at a constant speed. Along with this, the distance to near the event horizon, which is farthest from us, is also shortening.
When falling from infinity without obstacles, the falling speed reaches the speed of light at the Schwarzschild radius, but in fact most of the kinetic energy in the falling process becomes heat energy and is used to keep the external space at a high temperature. Therefore, the falling speed of our universe is also high, but it is considerably slower than the speed of light.
Other galaxies are also falling at about the same speed as us, so the relative distance does not change.
In the above figure, the central core of the universe is illustrated for convenience, but our outer space ends at the event horizon, and the central core beyond it does not exist in our world.
The light path is reversible. If the light emitted from B is bent to create an optical path to reach A, conversely, the light emitted from A can go to B through the same optical path. However, while this is fine on normal time scales, on cosmic scales it is common to take 10 billion years or more one way.
Light from our current spatial coordinates travels to the central nucleus through the optical path reserved by the spatial fabric. But it will be several tens of billions of years before it arrives.
Light from a distant galaxy reaches us today by following this reserved path in reverse. The light that was emitted thousands, hundreds of millions, billions of years ago finally reaches us.
In other words, the reserved optical path that connects us to the core exists only at that moment, and the light emitted by the celestial bodies that existed in the past on that optical path reaches us over a long period of time. We are looking at the scenery of the past. But this is the fixed present tense, the real world.
Specifically, the optical path from the light emitted from our galaxy to the central nucleus is the basis. This is the future tense and is called a reserved optical path.
We are observing the light that has flowed back through this reserved optical path. But from the core to the event horizon is not our world. What we can barely observe is the light coming from celestial bodies on our reserved light path near the event horizon.
